Describe and classify the book

Verify Thema codes for international distribution

If the book will be sold outside North America, check that Thema subject codes have been assigned alongside BISAC (Book Industry Standards and Communications), since many international markets rely on them.

ConditionalOwner: Publisher and DistributorYou: AskFreeAll publishing paths

Authors often hire help with this: metadata or distribution.

Why it matters

In markets that use Thema, a book without Thema codes may be categorized by automatic mapping or not at all, which makes it harder for retailers and libraries there to place it. If international sales matter to you, this is a small check that keeps the book findable outside its home market.

Your part

What you do
Ask. Someone else normally owns it. Get an answer, then record it.
Who normally owns it
Publisher and Distributor. Publisher or distributor assigns in the ONIX feed; author asks if international sales matter
When
Before metadata is distributed to international retailers and distributors, usually six to nine months before publication (Describe and classify the book: twelve to six months before publication, and before any preorder opens)Checked September 13, 2026 (opens in a new tab)

Your part changes with your publishing route.

How to do it

The full walkthrough

Thema is the international, multilingual subject category scheme for the book trade, maintained by EDItEUR. Where BISAC is the standard in the United States and Canada, Thema is used across the United Kingdom, Europe, Australia, and many other markets, and it is carried in the same ONIX metadata feed. It has subject codes plus qualifier codes for place, language, time period, and audience. Version 1.6 was current when this was written.

Ask whether Thema codes have been assigned at all, because some smaller feeds carry only BISAC. If the book has a specific place or period, ask whether the qualifier codes were used; that matters most for books with rights sold in several territories. If you enter the metadata yourself, most platforms ask only for BISAC or their own categories. Some aggregators and distributors accept Thema, and if yours does and you sell internationally, add codes that mirror your BISAC choices. If it does not, there is nothing to do beyond knowing that international retailers may map your BISAC codes automatically.

This is worth considering rather than essential because a book with no international distribution gains nothing from it.

Common mistakes

  • Assuming BISAC codes travel everywhere; many international systems want Thema.
  • Assigning a Thema subject code but no qualifiers for a book that is strongly about one place or period.
  • Using a code from an old Thema version that has since been changed.
  • Spending time on Thema for a book with no distribution outside North America.

Identifiers for Verify Thema codes for international distribution

Set a status on any record and it joins this step. All book identifiers.

Book and author identifiers
My statusIdentifierWhy this mattersYours
Thema
The international scheme of subject category codes used by retailers and wholesalers outside North America.

This matters mainly if your book will be sold outside the United States and Canada, because a book carrying only North American subject codes may be poorly categorized, or not categorized at all, in a market whose retailers read this scheme instead. If you sell only at home, there is nothing here for you to do. Traditionally and hybrid published authors normally ask whether Thema codes are assigned and what they are; if you publish the book yourself, you check whether your platform offers a Thema field, and some do not, in which case there is nothing to fill in. Find out whether Thema codes are assigned and review them if they are.

Add your Thema code
BISAC Subject Headings
The standard list of subject category codes used in the United States and Canada to decide where a book is filed and shelved.

These codes decide which category paths your book lands in on retailer sites and, in a physical store, often which section it is shelved in, so a wrong or retired code can leave readers unable to find it by browsing. The codes travel inside the metadata feed, so one choice reaches many channels at once. Traditionally and hybrid published authors normally ask which codes were assigned and raise a concern if the book has landed somewhere wrong; if you publish the book yourself, you choose them in your platform's category fields. Record the current codes assigned to the book and check that they describe what the book honestly is.

Add your BISAC code
ONIX for Books
ONline Information eXchange: the standard file that carries your book's details from your publisher or platform out to retailers and libraries.

If your subtitle is wrong at one retailer, that is one mistake; if it is wrong at a retailer, in a library catalog, and on Google Books, that is usually not three mistakes but one, in the feed, copied three times. It also explains why correcting it in one store often does not stick, because the next feed writes the old value back over your correction. Nobody acts on the feed directly: traditionally and hybrid published authors normally find out who owns it, which is the publisher's metadata or operations team and sometimes a separate distributor, and send corrections there, while a self-published book's feed is generated by the platform from the fields you filled in on its dashboard. Find the person or team that owns the book's feed so a correction goes to the source that can keep it fixed.

Nothing to record

What done looks like

  • Thema subject codes assigned that correspond to the BISAC choices, as specific as the content allows.
  • Qualifier codes used where relevant (place, time period, educational purpose, interest age).
  • Codes carried in the ONIX feed to international distributors.
  • Codes recorded in the Book Identity Sheet next to the BISAC codes.

Ask your publisher

Copy this into an email. Replace the bracketed parts with your details.

Sources and last checked

Last checked
September 13, 2026
How confident we are
Verified

Rules and deadlines change. We last checked this information on September 13, 2026. If you see something that needs updating, please tell us.